GENERATOR GAS AS A FUEL TO POWER A DIESEL ENGINE
Abstract
The results of gasification process of dried sewage sludge and use of
generator gas as a fuel for dual fuel turbocharged compression ignition
engine are presented. The results of gasifying showed that during
gasification of sewage sludge is possible to obtain generator gas of a
calorific value in the range of 2.15 ¸ 2.59 MJ/m3. It turned out that the
generator gas can be effectively used as a fuel to the compression ignition
engine. Because of gas composition, it was possible to run engine with partload conditions. In dual fuel operation the high value of indicated efficiency was achieved equal to 35%, so better than the efficiency of 30% attainable when being fed with 100% liquid fuel. The dual fuel engine version developed within the project can be recommended to be used in practice in a dried sewage sludge gasification plant as a dual fuel engine driving the electric generator loaded with the active electric power limited to 40 kW (which accounts for approx. 50% of its rated power), because it is at this power that the optimal conditions of operation of an engine dual fuel
powered by liquid fuel and generator gas are achieved. An additional advantage is the utilization of waste generated in the wastewater treatment plant.
Dates
- Submission Date2013-02-28
- Revision Date2013-04-26
- Acceptance Date2013-04-30
- Online Date2013-06-01
References
- Li, X., Lim, W., Iwata, Y., Koseki, H., Thermal behavior of sewage sludge derived fuels, Thermal Science, 12 (2008), 2, pp. 137-148.
- Tarantini, M., Buttol, P., Maiorino, L., An environmental LCA of alternative scenarios of urban sewage sludge treatment and disposal, Thermal Science, 11 (2007), 3, pp. 153-164.
- Waste Management Act., Journal of Laws No. 62, 20.06.2001, Item. 629 and Journal of Laws. No. 7, Item 78.b; 2003. (in Polish)
- National Waste Management Plan, MP No. 90, 29.12.2006, Item 946; 2010. (in Polish)
- Szwaja, S., Kovacs, V., Bereczky, A., Penninger, A., Sewage sludge producer gas enriched with methane as a fuel to a spark ignited engine, Fuel Processing Technology, 110 (2013), pp. 160- 166.
- Kalina, J., Fossil fuel savings, carbon emission reduction and economic attractiveness of medium-scale integrated biomass gasification combined cycle co-generation plants, Thermal Science, 16 (2012), 3, pp. 827-848.
- Polyzakis, A., Malkogianni, A., Gomes, E., Zapounidis, K., Long-term optimisation case studies for combined heat and power system, Thermal Science, 13 (2009), 4, pp. 49-60.
- Szwaja, S., Tutak, W., Grab-Rogaliñski, K., Jamrozik, A., Kociszewski, A., Selected combustion parameters of biogas at elevated pressure-temperature conditions, Combustion Engines, 1 (2012), pp. 40-47.
- Bridgwater, A., Biomass fast pyrolysis, Thermal Science, 8 (2004), 2, pp. 21-49.
- Anderl, H., Zotter, T., Gasification in a CFB-Reactor - a simple and economic way of co-firing renewable fuels in existing power plants, Thermal Science, 5 (2001), 2, pp. 59-67.
- Paolucci, M., De Filippis, P., Borgianni, C., Pyrolysis and gasification of municipal and industrial wastes blends, Thermal Science, (2010), 14, pp. 739-746.
- Anderl, H., Zotter, T., Gasification in a CFB-reactor - a simple and economic way of co-firing renewable fuels in existing power plants. Thermal Science, 5 (2001), 2, pp. 59-67.
- Young Nam Chun, Seong Cheon Kim, Kunio Yoshikawa, Pyrolysis gasification of dried sewage sludge in a combined screw and rotary kiln gasifier. Applied Energy, (2011), 88, pp. 1105-1112.
- Tae-Young Mun, Joo-Sik Kim, Air gasification of dried sewage sludge in a two-stage gasifier. Part 2: Calcined dolomite as a bed material and effect of moisture content of dried sewage sludge for the hydrogen production and tar removal. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, (2013), 38, pp. 5235-5242.
- Judex, J., Gaiffi, M., H., Burgbacher, C., Gasification of dried sewage sludge: Status of the demonstration and the pilot plant. Waste Management, (2012), 32, pp. 719-723.
- Council Directive 1999/31/WE, On the landfill of waste, Official Journal of the European Union, L 182 on 16.07.1999. (in Polish)
- Dalimier, F., The NOTAR® reactor for biomass gasification CHP or fossil fuels replacement in industrial processes, Agoria Renewable Energy Club, Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant, XYLOWATT SA., 2011.
- Reed, B., Das, A., Handbook of Biomass Downdraft Gasifier Engine Systems, SERI/SP-271- 3022. Solar Energy Research Institute. Golden Co., (1988), pp. 1-140.
- Bhavanam, A., Sastry, R.C., Biomass Gasification Processes in Downdraft Fixed Bed Reactors, A Review, International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications, 2 (2011), 6, pp. 425-433.
- Lettner, F., Timmerer, H., Haselbacher, P., Guideline for safe and eco-friendly biomass gasification, Biomass gasification - State of the art description, Graz University of Technology, Institute of Thermal Engineering, (2007), pp. 1-91.
- Cupial, K., Pyrc, M., Jamrozik, A., Tutak, W., Kociszewski A., Producer gas cleaning problems with a high content of dust and tars, Gas Engines, 183 (2010), pp. 189-198. (in Polish).
- Panopoulos, K., Fryda, L., Kakaras, E., Atmospheric fluidised bed gasification of promising biomass fuels in southern european regions, Thermal Science, 11 (2007), 1, pp. 5-15.
- Mladenovi, M., Dakiæ D., Nemoda S., Mladenoviæ R., Eriæ A., Repiæ B., Komatina M., Combustion of low grade fractions in fluidized bed, Thermal Science, 16 (2012), 1, pp. 297-311.
- Tutak, W., Jamrozik, A., Gruca, M., CFD modeling of thermal cycle of supercharged compression ignition engine, Journal of Kones Powertrain and Transport, 19 (2012), 1, pp. 465- 472.
- Heywood, J.B., Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals, McGraw, Hill Book Company, 1988.
- Jamrozik, A., Kociszewski, A., Tutak, W., The accuracy of the indication results of IC engine, Measurement Automation Control PAK, (2009), 12, pp. 1030-1036. (in Polish)
- Wajand, J.A., Wajand, JT., T³okowe silniki spalinowe œrednio- i szybkoobrotowe (Reciprocating internal combustion engines medium and high-speed), Warsaw: Publisher of Science and Technology, 2000. (in Polish)
- Gatowski, J.A., Balles, E.N., Chun, K.M., Nelson, F.E., Ekchian, J.A., Heywood, J.B., Heat release analysis of engine pressure data, SAE Paper, 841359, 93 (1984), pp. 1-16.
- Assanis, D.N., Filipi, Z.S., Fiveland, S.B., Syrimis, M., A predictive ignition delay correlation under steady-state and transient operation of a direct injection diesel engine, Transactions of the ASME, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 125 (2003), 2, pp. 450-457.
Volume
18,
Issue
1,
Pages205 -216