THEORETICAL-EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINING OF COOLING TIME (t8/5) IN HARD FACING OF STEELS FOR FORGING DIES
Abstract
This paper investigates the accuracy of analytical, empirical, and numerical expressions, i. e. the most favourable methods for calculating the cooling time from 800 to 500 °C (t8/5). The degree of accuracy of time t8/5 is very significant, because it determines the cooling rate, and consequently the structural changes in heat affected zone for hard faced layers. Based on the presented results, one can conclude that the finite element method provides the best conformity with the experiment and among analytical and empirical formulas the same goes for the expression of Japanese authors, for the case of hard facing of plane and prismatic parts.
Dates
- Submission Date2009-02-08
- Revision Date2009-05-21
- Acceptance Date2009-06-28
References
- Kojić, M., et al., Finite element Method I, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia, 1998
- Kojić, M., et al., PAK-T Program for FE Heat Transfer Analysis - User manual, Kragujevac, Serbia, 2003
- Lazić, V., Optimization of the Hard Facing Procedures from the Aspect of Tribological Characteristics of the Hard Faced Layers and Residual Stresses, Ph. D. thesis (in Serbian), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia, 2001
- Jovanović, M., et al., An Estimate of Accuracy of Empirical Formulae for Calculating the Cooling Time (t8/5) after Hard-Facing, Proceedings, 4th International Conference Heavy Machinery - HM 2002, Kraljevo, Serbia, 2002, pp. B.21-B.26
- Lazić, V., et al., Teoretical-Experimental Determining of Cooling Time (t8/5) in Hard Facing, Proceedings, 5th International Conference Heavy Machinery - HM 2005, Kraljevo, Serbia, 2005, pp. II A17-A20
- Rikalin, N. N., Computations of the Thermal Processes in Welding, (in Russian), Mashgiz, Moscow, 1951
- Jovanović, M., Adamović, D., Lazić, V., Technology of Welding - The Handbook, 1st ed., Indepen¬dent Authors' Edition, Kragujevac, Serbia, 1996
- Milosavljević, M., Radojković, M., Kuzmanović, B., Fundamentals of Steel Structures (in Serbian), 7th ed., Gradjevinska knjiga, Belgrade, 1986
- Frolov, V. V., Theoretical Fundamentals of Welding (in Russian), Publishing "Bysshaya shkola", Moscow, 1970
- ***, Catalague Filler Materials (in Serbian), SŽ Fiprom, Jesenice, Slovenia, 1999
- Ito, Y., Bessyo, K., Weld crackability Formula of High Strenght Steels, J. Iron and Steel Inst., No. 13, 1972
- Lazić,V., Josifović, D., Jovanović, M., Validity of Some Formulae for Calculation of Cooling Time During Welding, Zavariva~, 40 (1995), 2, pp. 89-94
- Brozda, J., Pilarczyk, J., Zeman, M., Continuous-Cooling Transformation Diagram of Austentic Change in the Welding (in Polish), Publishing "Slask", Katowice, Poland, 1983
- Kuncipal, J., Special Technologies in Welding (in Czech), Publishing Center of VSSE, Plzen, Czech Republic, 1988
- Rakić, D., Solving the Fields Problems of Physical Dimensions Using Finite Element Method, Final Exam, Kragujevac, Serbia, 2004
- Ereigin, L. P., Computation of Bath Form Parameters in Arc Welding with Melting Filler Metal (in Russian), Svarochnoe Proizvodstvo, 474 (1974), 4, pp. 27-29
Volume
14,
Issue
1,
Pages235 -246